Preservatives and ph balance for homemade skin care products

PRESERVATIVES


A preservative is essential to help prevent microbes (bacteria, mold and yeast) from growing. Preservatives stop growth by acting on spores when they grow and killing cells (usually disrupting cell membranes) or by making the product hostile to growth. 

If your products contains water, hydrosol, aloe vera or milk, which all contain water or will come in contact with water, a broad spectrum preservative is needed. 



Phenonip  

Added to heated water phase (dissolves around 60 -70 degrees Celsius 

usage: 1%

Ph range 3-10

It is natural   

Protects against 👇

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mound? Yes



Germaben II  

usage: 1%

Ph range 3-7.5

It is synthetic 

Protects against 👇

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mound? Yes



Germaben II - E   

usage: 1%

Ph range 3-7.5

It is synthetic 

Protects against 👇

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mound? Yes



Liquid Germall plus 

usage: 0.5%

Ph range 3-10

It is natural   

Protects against 👇

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mound? Yes



Phenoxyethanol

usage: 0.6-1%

Ph range 3-10

It is natural   

Protects against 👇

Gram positive bacteria? Somewhat

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mound? No



Optiphen plus  1%

Usage: 1% 

Ph range: 4-6

It is natural 

Protects against:

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mould? Somewhat



Geogard 221  

Usage: 1% 

Ph range: 2-6

It is natural 

Protects against:

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Poor

Mould? Somewhat



Mikrokill COS  

Usage: 1% 

Ph range: 4-8

It is natural 

Protects against:

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mould? Somewhat



Suttocide A   

usage: 0.3

Ph range 3.5-12

It is synthetic 

Protects against 👇

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Yes

Mound? Moderate 



Dermosoft GMCY 

Usage: 0.3%

Ph range: below 5

It is natural 

Protects against:

Gram positive bacteria? Yes

Gram negative bacteria? Poor

Mould? Yes



Use a water soluble preservative for a anhydrous (water based) product. 


Vitamin E oil, rosemary oil, grapeseed oil are anti-oxidants that serves as preservatives to prevent oxidation of oils only. They cannot preserve other products. 


Add preservatives only when product is cool completely.




PH SCALE

Ph is a measure of concentration of protons in a Solution. The P stands for the German potenz, meaning power of concentration and the H for the hydrogen ion. 

Alkaline substances have, instead of hydrogen ions, a concentration of hydroxide ions. 


Ph is a scale of acidity from 0-14. It tells how acidic or alkaline a substance is. More acidic solutions have lower ph. More alkaline solutions have higher ph. Substances that aren’t acidic or alkaline (that is, neutral solutions) usually have a ph 7. 


Acids have a ph that is less than 7. Alkalis have a ph that is greater than 7.


Ph strip is a fast, inexpensive and easy-to-use method to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance, but note that pH strips don’t determine the exact pH value. Only pH meters, instruments that measure the hydrogen-ion activity in a substance, can determine it.




Ph values of some common substances 👇


Substance                            Ph

Battery acid                         1.0

Gastric acid.                        2.0

Lemon juice.                        2.4

Cola                                      2.5

Oxygenated water               2.5-3.0

Vinegar                                 3.0

Orange or apple juice          3.0

Beer                                      4.5

Coffee                                   5.0

Milk                                       6.6

Pure water                            7.0

Blood                                    7.35-7.45

Plain shampoo                     8.0

Sea water                             8.0

Permanent wave                  8.5-9.2

Hand soap                            9.0-10.0

Hair dye                                9.5-10.5

Household ammonia           11.5

Bleach                                  12.3

Caustic soda                        12.7

Lye                                        13.5



Neutralization can be summed up thus👇

Acid ➕Base ➡️ Water


I hope you found this information helpful. 



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Comments

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